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Economic and environmental  related aspects of water storage in  Sub-Saharan Africa   Stefanos Xenarios, Matthew McCartney East Africa& Nile  Basin Office
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Why decision-making about water storage is difficult
The Problem of Assessment  ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
What is needed?  ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
What is proposed  ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
A simple example of prevailing (CBA) economic approach ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Ranking  6 Components 5  Components 4  Components 4  Components First Best  A B C A Options : A= Small reservoir (pumps) , B= Dug Well + Canal, C= Shallow well+Rainfed Options : A= Small reservoir (pumps) , B= Dug Well + Canal, C= Shallow well+Rainfed A A C B Third Best A C C C Second Best 4  Components 4  Components 5  Components 6 Components Ranking
An alternative approach –  Borda’s rule  + weights + thresholds ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Ranking  Formula  (points) 6 Components 5  Components 4  Components 4 Components First Best N  A B C A Second Best n-1  C C C A Third Best n-2  B C A A Options : A= Small reservoir (pumps) , B= Dug Well + Canal, C= Shallow well+Rainfed
An alternative approach – Borda’s rule +  weights +   thresholds ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Components selected for economic efficiency: two groups ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],2 nd  Group   Relation with  water and soil  conservation  practices Revenues from Agriculture  (Cultivation &Livestock) Cost from Agriculture  (Cultivation &Livestock) Cost of Water Use for farming Economics of domestic water use Willingness to Pay for water  quality and quantity status Economic Impact of Water Use on  Health Level of Satisfaction of quantitative and qualitative water status  in agricultural and domestic sectors Investment on Water Conservation  Practices Investment on Soil  Conservation practices Level of difficulty from applying Water and Soil Conservation practices Level of improvement from applying Water and Soil Conservation Practices Technical efficiency of water  and storage types Economic efficiency of water and  storage types Choice experiment  on different water storage options
Water Storages Cases selected in Ghana and Ethiopia ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Blue Nile basin watersheds Koga – Gumara – Indris Volta basin watersheds Vea (Yaragagna) – Saata – Golinga
Some very prime results from Ethiopia  Comp. % Comp. % Comp. % Points 5 Landless Marginal 4  Landless Marginal 4  Landless Marginal C * 20 20 A 10 10 B 20 20 3 B 10 15 A 30 5 C 10 15 2 A 20 20 B 15 25 C* 15 10 1 * There is a threshold value between the Choice Experiment  and WTP criteria because Low Fees Preference and High WTP bid are presented. Thus these two criteria are excluded from the counting  Options : A= Small reservoir (pumps) , B= Dug Well + Canal, C= Shallow well+Rainfed Calculations  5 Components 4 Components 4 Components C 4* (3*0.6+3.1*0.2+3.05*0.2) A  4* (3*0.85+3.1*0.1+3.05*0.15) B 4* (3*0.6+3.1*0.2+3.05*0.2) B 5* (2*0.85+2.1*0.1+2.05*0.15) A 4* (2*0.6+2.1*0.2+2.05*0.2) C 4* (2*0.75+2.1*0.1+2.05*0.15) A 5* (1*0.6+1.1*0.2+1.05*0.2) B 4* (1*0.85+1.1*0.1+1.05*0.15) C 3* (1*0.85+1.1*0.15+1.05*0.1) Points  5 Components 4 Components 4 Components C 12.12 A  13.27 B 12.12 B 11.087 A 8.12 C 8.07 A 5.15 B 4.47 C 3.36 Ranking:  B(27.67)> A(26.54)>C (23.55)
Constraints  Response ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],No group surveying, reasoning of  intensive preference, no outliers Weighting and veto thresholds, strong analyst’s intervention, subjectivity  Components alleged as inappropriate or of limited applicability ; High uncertainty if applied in other sub-Saharan country Comparison of different storage types in different locations may lead to asymmetrical solutions  Literature review, consulted experts, key stakeholders  Attempt to design components as to be representative to Sub-Saharan context;  adjustment to examined cases Attempt to harmonize results with ranking procedure and consider highly irrelevant water storage options
Conclusions ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Acknowledgements ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

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Economic and environmental related aspects of water storage in Sub-Saharan Africa – Dr Stefanos Xenarios, IWMI, Ethiopia

  • 1. Economic and environmental related aspects of water storage in Sub-Saharan Africa Stefanos Xenarios, Matthew McCartney East Africa& Nile Basin Office
  • 2.
  • 3.
  • 4.
  • 5.
  • 6.
  • 7.
  • 8.
  • 9.
  • 10.
  • 11. Some very prime results from Ethiopia Comp. % Comp. % Comp. % Points 5 Landless Marginal 4 Landless Marginal 4 Landless Marginal C * 20 20 A 10 10 B 20 20 3 B 10 15 A 30 5 C 10 15 2 A 20 20 B 15 25 C* 15 10 1 * There is a threshold value between the Choice Experiment and WTP criteria because Low Fees Preference and High WTP bid are presented. Thus these two criteria are excluded from the counting Options : A= Small reservoir (pumps) , B= Dug Well + Canal, C= Shallow well+Rainfed Calculations 5 Components 4 Components 4 Components C 4* (3*0.6+3.1*0.2+3.05*0.2) A 4* (3*0.85+3.1*0.1+3.05*0.15) B 4* (3*0.6+3.1*0.2+3.05*0.2) B 5* (2*0.85+2.1*0.1+2.05*0.15) A 4* (2*0.6+2.1*0.2+2.05*0.2) C 4* (2*0.75+2.1*0.1+2.05*0.15) A 5* (1*0.6+1.1*0.2+1.05*0.2) B 4* (1*0.85+1.1*0.1+1.05*0.15) C 3* (1*0.85+1.1*0.15+1.05*0.1) Points 5 Components 4 Components 4 Components C 12.12 A 13.27 B 12.12 B 11.087 A 8.12 C 8.07 A 5.15 B 4.47 C 3.36 Ranking: B(27.67)> A(26.54)>C (23.55)
  • 12.
  • 13.
  • 14.